Statistická ročenka Ústeckého kraje
Methodology
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4. MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS, EXPORTS, FINANCE, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, INFORMATION SOCIETY
MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS To regionalize gross domestic product and gross value added we newly employed the pseudo-bottom-up method. Basically, it means that for organizations of uni-regional character in sectors – non-financial corporations and households – data were directly aggregated, and for organizations of multi-regional character data were estimated directly for local units according to the regional structure of paid wages. The GDP indicator and indicators derived from it were revised in order to reflect methodological changes. The regionalization of gross fixed capital formation is made via the volume of investments by place of construction. This chapter includes also data on the net disposable income of households. For the purpose of international comparisons, some indicators were converted according to PPS (Purchasing Power Standards) using valid coefficients issued by Eurostat. All the data in the time series are fully comparable. Gross domestic product is a key indicator of development of the economy. It represents a sum of values added by processing in all branches in activities that are considered within the system of national accounts to be productive (i.e. including services of both market and non-market character). It is used for measuring of performance of the entire economy. It serves to comparison of the rate of economic development of the given country and its regions. Gross value added is gross domestic product without taxes and subsidies on products (when classifying by branch, it is impossible to allocate taxes or subsidies on products by branch). Gross domestic product from the point of view of uses equals to the sum of final consumption (of households, the government and non-profit organizations serving households), gross capital formation (fixed capital and balance of inventories) and external trade deficit. Gross fixed capital formation:
Net disposable income of households is an amount that households can give to final consumption, savings of financial assets and to accumulation of both tangible and intangible assets. It shows, how the balance of primary income is placed by re-distribution: by current taxes on income, social contributions and benefits and other current transfers. The indicator shows to a great extent the level of material wealth of households permanently residing in individual regions. EXTERNAL TRADE In relation to international practice of some of the EU member states, the Czech Statistical Office started to survey external trade with goods according to individual regions. The data sources are data of customs statistics processed from the Single Administrative Documents. Published are only data on exports of goods of individual regions. As for imports, the precise place of final use of goods is unknown in many cases. FINANCE This subchapter contains selected data on income and expenditure of regional offices, municipalities and voluntary unions of municipalities. With regards to changes of budget rules, it is possible to publish a comparable time series from the year 2003. Data are taken over from the Ministry of Finance, which processes the necessary data from financial statements of individual territorial self-governing units. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The terms research and development are defined in the Czech Republic by the Act on Support for Research and Development from Public Funds. Research and development (R&D) is defined as systematic creative work carried out to obtain new knowledge or to use it. Research comprises creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, using methods which allow confirming, supplementing or refuting the knowledge obtained. Development is systematic creative work drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or equipment, introducing new or improved technologies, systems and services, including acquisition and testing of prototypes, pilot plants or demonstration plants. The way of observation and coverage of R&D employees:
Intramural R&D expenditures are all R&D expenditures made within the statistical unit or sector irrespective of the source of finance. Expenditures made outside the statistical unit or sector but in support of intramural R&D (e.g. purchase of supplies for R&D) are included. INFORMATION SOCIETY Information society is a term used in connection with the implementation and development of new information and communication technologies and systems (the Internet, mobile phones, electronic commerce, etc.) in the most various areas of everyday life. Statistics on the information society aims at describing the production (supply) of advanced information and communication technologies on the one hand and the spread, degree and forms of using these technologies and systems in individual sectors of society on the other hand. Information and communication technologies (ICT) generally refer to technologies, systems, activities and processes that participate in displaying, processing, storing and transmitting of information and data by electronic means. The data rely on the annual statistical survey on ICT use by Czech households and individuals which is comparable in terms of methodology and contents with similar surveys conducted in EU member states. The survey was taken in the framework of the Labour Force Sample Survey of the CZSO (on a separate questionnaire), which allowed the link with socio-demographic characteristics of persons in individual households. It was a face-to-face type survey, the sample comprised 10 000 individuals aged 10+. In line with the LFSS methodology, the results were weighted to the whole population of the CR. The reference period was (i) situation in the survey period (data for households) and (ii) mostly last three months of the survey periods (for individuals). PC user refers to an individual who used PC in the last three months. Internet user refers to an individual who used the Internet in the last three months. Purchase via the Internet: purchase of goods and services implemented by means of computer networks based on Internet protocols, most frequently through the seller’s www interface. Purchases implemented by virtue of orders made on the basis of information obtained from the Internet and placed in a classic way (telephone, fax, written order) or through classic, hand-written and dispatched e-mails are not included. The goods or services have to be ordered electronically via the seller’s Internet-www interface to be counted in. The goods ordered in this manner can be paid for and delivered off-line, not through the Internet. * * * Other regional information on macroekonic indicators, extelnal trade, finance, research and development and information society is available in the following CZSO publications:
Other information is published on the CZSO web pages: |
