Main aim of the paper is to discuss the relation between government deficit and debt and the importace of the aggregate known as stock-flow adjustments. The development of Czech government´s debt confronted with deficits in the last years gave raise to a number of questions which are dealt with in the following text, mainly the way how debt can be stabilized or even decreased if budget balance ends up regularly in huge deficits. The second task addressed in the text is the case of the net debt concept. Net debt is presented primarily not as alternative to EDP debt, but rather as supplementary indicator making the picture on fiscal situation more complete. In the last part, the characteristics of EDP debt and net debt are discussed; the development of both indicators is then compared using the figures published for the Czech Republic.

Keywords
Government, deficit, debt, stock-flow adjustment

This paper reveals the scope and patterns of mobility on the labour market in the Czech Republic in between 2002 and 2013. Occupational and sectoral mobility are analysed using the data from the Labour Force Survey. The LFS data were adjusted into a form of longitudinal data enabling to follow an individual in four consecutive quarters. The frequency of mobility on the Czech labour market and its development during different phases of business cycle is studied. The level of mobility is examined in the entire population of the employed as well as among subgroups defined predominantly by socioeconomic characteristics. Patterns of labour mobility revealed by this paper are discussed in the light of similarly focused studies from abroad and theoretical approaches toward labour mobility.

Keywords
Labour market, labour mobility, occupational mobility, sectoral mobility, economic recession, human capital

The reliability and comparability of international migration statistics belong to the most important statistical issues due to the importance of correct dimensioning of the migration flows and stocks for effective and timely design of effective policy measures. This paper presents an assessment of the migration statistics provided by Eurostat, reveals the most prominent discrepancies between stock and flow data, prepares a summary of vital issues affecting both quality and completeness of the migration data, and identifies certain solutions in order to improve data comparability, reliability and completeness. There is no one-size-fits-all solution, but an eclectic mix which extends the use of administrative and private data, matches data coming from distinct sources, harmonizes the way in which data is compiled and reported by different countries, matches observed flows with (demographic) stock-based estimates, provides consistent estimates of the bilateral migration flows between countries, and improves the measurement of temporary and illegal/undeclared migration.

Keywords
Official statistics methodology, international migration, migration measures, data harmonization, data dissemination

This paper analyses the determinants of Romanian emigration considering two perspectives: first, the perspective of business environment and labour market and, second, the perspective of social and economic conditions. The analysis uses data from National Statistical Institute and Romanian Register of Commerce for all 42 counties of Romania for the year 2011 and consists of three linear regression models whose dependent variable was the total number of Romanian emigrants declared at 2011 Romanian Census. Results have shown that international migration is strongly correlated with national labour policy. The fact that newly created enterprises have a positive influence on migration show that Romanian business environment is not able to offer competitive salaries and/or working conditions.

Keywords
Business environment, cluster analysis, regression analysis, romanian emigration

This paper examines how the Banco de Portugal has been exploring the statistical micro-databases available in-house, with the aim to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of its statistical system.

The use of integrated granular data constitutes the cornerstone of the Bank’s long-term strategy as regards its statistical function, and a vital contribution to other areas within central bank’s competencies – inter alia, monetary policy, financial stability and supervision.

Some examples of areas in which the integrated management of micro-data has added considerable value to the statistics of the Banco de Portugal, in particularly by assessing the heterogeneity hidden behind aggregate numbers, are shown.

Keywords
Micro-database, data integration, granular data, central bank statistics